Security Analysis Results

link.springer.com

Comprehensive domain security and infrastructure analysis

Live Website Preview

website screenshot of https://openpretest.org/

No Security Risks Detected

This domain appears to be safe and secure

100%
Score

Disclaimer: This assessment is based on automated analysis of publicly available information. Results are for informational purposes only. For critical applications, consult security professionals.

Scan Information

Last checked:July 3, 2025 16:02:11
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Page Information

Target URL
https://openpretest.org/
Page Title
The qualitative pretest interview for questionnaire development: outline of programme and practice | Quality
link.springer.com faviconSite Favicon
Status
Active

Host Information

Domain
link.springer.com
Server
Oscar Platform 0.1381.0
Country
United States
IP Address
151.101.0.95
ASN Information
54113
FASTLY

Technologies

Varnish logo
Varnish
Caching
Zipkin logo
Zipkin
Analytics
Google Tag Manager logo
Google Tag Manager
Tag managers
Google Publisher Tag logo
Google Publisher Tag
Advertising
Google AdSense logo
Google AdSense
Advertising
HTTP/3 logo
HTTP/3
Miscellaneous

SSL Certificate

HTTPS Enabled
Secure
Certificate Issuer
R10
Valid From
2025-05-16 13:26:57
Valid Until
2025-08-14 13:26:56
Subject Name
*.springer.com

Performance Statistics

37
Total Requests
13
Domains
9
IP Addresses
845.76 KB
Transfer Size
Content Size2.25 MB

HTTP Headers

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date
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server
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traceparent
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via
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x-vcap-request-id
c6d4f6fb-e8d4-4457-5911-5f18f1a8cb9d
22 headers detected

Technology Stack Analysis

Varnish

Varnish

Caching

Varnish is a reverse caching proxy.

Zipkin

Zipkin

Analytics

No description available

Google Tag Manager

Google Tag Manager

Tag managers

Google Tag Manager is a tag management system (TMS) that allows you to quickly and easily update measurement codes and related code fragments collectively known as tags on your website or mobile app.

Google Publisher Tag

Google Publisher Tag

Advertising

Google Publisher Tag (GPT) is an ad tagging library for Google Ad Manager which is used to dynamically build ad requests.

Google AdSense

Google AdSense

Advertising

Google AdSense is a program run by Google through which website publishers serve advertisements that are targeted to the site content and audience.

HTTP/3

HTTP/3

Miscellaneous

HTTP/3 is the third major version of the Hypertext Transfer Protocol used to exchange information on the World Wide Web.

Website Cookies 7

user.uuid.v2

.springer.com

HttpOnly Secure
Value
"8314ecba-eb8b-427f-9855-4a76b3c4c419"
Expires:10/3/2025

idp_session_http

.springer.com

HttpOnly
Value
[idp_session_http redacted]
Expires:Session

idp_session

.springer.com

HttpOnly Secure None
Value
[idp_session redacted]
Expires:Session

sim-inst-token

.springer.com

HttpOnly Secure
Value
[sim-inst-token redacted]
Expires:Session

idp_marker

.springer.com

HttpOnly
Value
878c8acf-6df3-4a7d-9bc2-6c998bb84412
Expires:8/7/2026

sncc

.springer.com

Lax
Value
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Expires:7/3/2026

trackid

.springer.com

HttpOnly Secure
Value
"nenuh3uwe9ck2grfxjde33ppz"
Expires:Session

External Links 88

Publish your research

www.springernature.com

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Target URL
https://www.springernature.com/gp/authors

Track your research

link.springernature.com

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Target URL
https://link.springernature.com/home/

Cart

order.springer.com

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Target URL
https://order.springer.com/public/cart

open access

www.springernature.com

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Target URL
https://www.springernature.com/gp/open-research/about/the-fundamentals-of-open-access-and-open-research

Submit manuscript

submission.springernature.com

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Target URL
https://submission.springernature.com/new-submission/11135/3

ORCID:orcid.org/0000-0002-1848-7254

orcid.org

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Target URL
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1848-7254

ORCID:orcid.org/0000-0003-4577-3376

orcid.org

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Target URL
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4577-3376

ORCID:orcid.org/0000-0002-7649-0371

orcid.org

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Target URL
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7649-0371

Use our pre-submission checklist

beta.springernature.com

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Target URL
https://beta.springernature.com/pre-submission?journalId=11135

http://share-eric.eu

share-eric.eu

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Target URL
http://share-eric.eu

http://www.share-project.org/fileadmin/pdf_questionnaire_wave_8_preliminary/Wave_8_DropOffs/DE_DE_SHAREw8_Main_dropoff.pdf

www.share-project.org

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Target URL
http://www.share-project.org/fileadmin/pdf_questionnaire_wave_8_preliminary/Wave_8_DropOffs/DE_DE_SHAREw8_Main_dropoff.pdf

Google Scholar reference 1 Google Scholar

scholar.google.com

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Target URL
http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Understanding%20the%20standardized%2Fnon-standardized%20interviewing%20controversy&journal=J.%20off.%20Statistics&volume=11&pages=147-160&publication_year=1995&author=Beatty%2CP

Article reference 2Article

doi.org

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Target URL
https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fpoq%2Fnfm006

Google Scholar reference 2 Google Scholar

scholar.google.com

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Target URL
http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Research%20synthesis%3A%20the%20practice%20of%20cognitive%20interviewing&journal=Public%20Opin.%20Q.&doi=10.1093%2Fpoq%2Fnfm006&volume=71&pages=287-311&publication_year=2007&author=Beatty%2CP&author=Willis%2CGB

Google Scholar reference 3 Google Scholar

scholar.google.com

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Target URL
http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Kognitiv%20oder%20qualitativ%3F%20Pretest-Interviews%20in%20der%20Fragebogenentwicklung&doi=10.1007%2F978-3-658-24517-7_6&pages=159-193&publication_year=2019&author=Bethmann%2CA&author=Buschle%2CC&author=Reiter%2CH

Google Scholar reference 4 Google Scholar

scholar.google.com

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Target URL
http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Asking%20questions%3A%20the%20definitive%20guide%20to%20questionnaire%20design%E2%80%94for%20market%20research%2C%20political%20polls%20and%20social%20and%20health%20questionnaires&publication_year=2004&author=Bradburn%2CNM&author=Sudman%2CS&author=Wansink%2CB

https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/3mgqd

doi.org

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Target URL
https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/3mgqd

Google Scholar reference 6 Google Scholar

scholar.google.com

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Target URL
http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Method%20and%20Measurement%20in%20Sociology&publication_year=1964&author=Cicourel%2CAV

Book reference 7Book

doi.org

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Target URL
https://doi.org/10.4135%2F9781473910102

Google Scholar reference 7 Google Scholar

scholar.google.com

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Target URL
http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Cognitive%20Interviewing%20Practice&doi=10.4135%2F9781473910102&publication_year=2015&author=Collins%2CD

Article reference 8Article

doi.org

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Target URL
https://doi.org/10.1037%2F0033-295X.87.3.215

Google Scholar reference 8 Google Scholar

scholar.google.com

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Target URL
http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Verbal%20reports%20as%20data&journal=Psychol.%20Rev.&doi=10.1037%2F0033-295X.87.3.215&volume=87&pages=215-251&publication_year=1980&author=Ericsson%2CKA&author=Simon%2CHA

Google Scholar reference 9 Google Scholar

scholar.google.com

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Target URL
http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Was%20ist%20eine%20gute%20Frage%3F&doi=10.1007%2F978-3-531-91441-1&publication_year=2009&author=Faulbaum%2CF&author=Pr%C3%BCfer%2CP&author=Rexroth%2CM

Google Scholar reference 10 Google Scholar

scholar.google.com

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Target URL
http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=The%20SAGE%20Handbook%20of%20Qualitative%20Data%20Analysis&publication_year=2014

Google Scholar reference 12 Google Scholar

scholar.google.com

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Target URL
http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Constructing%20Survey%20Data&publication_year=2014&author=Gobo%2CG&author=Mauceri%2CS

Google Scholar reference 13 Google Scholar

scholar.google.com

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Target URL
http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Survey%20Methodology&publication_year=2009&author=Groves%2CRM&author=Fowler%2CFJ&author=Couper%2CMP&author=Lepkowski%2CJM&author=Singer%2CE&author=Tourangeau%2CR

Google Scholar reference 14 Google Scholar

scholar.google.com

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Target URL
http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Interview&pages=94-99&publication_year=2006&author=Honer%2CA

Google Scholar reference 15 Google Scholar

scholar.google.com

Analyze
Target URL
http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Die%20Pseudo-Exploration%20%C3%9Cberlegungen%20zur%20Technik%20qualitativer%20Interviews%20in%20der%20Sozialforschung&journal=Z.%20Soziol.&volume=7&issue=97&publication_year=1978&author=Hopf%2CC

Google Scholar reference 16 Google Scholar

scholar.google.com

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Target URL
http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=%E2%80%9COffenes%E2%80%9D%20und%20%E2%80%9Cgeschlossenes%E2%80%9D%20interview%3A%20neue%20argumente%20zu%20einer%20alten%20Kontroverse&journal=Soziale%20Welt&volume=29&pages=1-25&publication_year=1978&author=Kohli%2CM

Book reference 17Book

doi.org

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Target URL
https://doi.org/10.4135%2F9781849208963

Google Scholar reference 17 Google Scholar

scholar.google.com

Analyze
Target URL
http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Doing%20Interviews&doi=10.4135%2F9781849208963&publication_year=2007&author=Kvale%2CS

Google Scholar reference 18 Google Scholar

scholar.google.com

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Target URL
http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=InterViews&publication_year=2009&author=Kvale%2CS&author=Brinkmann%2CS

Article reference 19Article

doi.org

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Target URL
https://doi.org/10.1086%2F265666

Google Scholar reference 19 Google Scholar

scholar.google.com

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Target URL
http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=The%20controversy%20over%20detailed%20interviews%E2%80%94an%20offer%20for%20negotiation&journal=Public%20Opin.%20Q.&doi=10.1086%2F265666&volume=8&issue=1&pages=38-60&publication_year=1944&author=Lazarsfeld%2CPF

Book reference 20Book

doi.org

Analyze
Target URL
https://doi.org/10.1057%2F9781137353368

Google Scholar reference 20 Google Scholar

scholar.google.com

Analyze
Target URL
http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=The%20Research%20Interview&doi=10.1057%2F9781137353368&publication_year=2016&author=Mann%2CSJ

Book reference 21Book

doi.org

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Target URL
https://doi.org/10.1002%2F9781118838860

Google Scholar reference 21 Google Scholar

scholar.google.com

Analyze
Target URL
http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Cognitive%20Interviewing%20Methodology&doi=10.1002%2F9781118838860&publication_year=2014&author=Miller%2CK&author=Willson%2CS&author=Chepp%2CV&author=Padilla%2CJL

Google Scholar reference 22 Google Scholar

scholar.google.com

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Target URL
http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Ein%20Arbeitsbuch&publication_year=2014&author=Porst%2CR&author=Fragebogen%2C

Google Scholar reference 23 Google Scholar

scholar.google.com

Analyze
Target URL
http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Qualitative%20Sozialforschung&publication_year=2008&author=Przyborski%2CA&author=Wohlrab-Sahr%2CM

Google Scholar reference 24 Google Scholar

scholar.google.com

Analyze
Target URL
http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Qualitative%20und%20interpretative%20Sozialforschung&doi=10.1007%2F978-3-658-13462-4&publication_year=2016&author=Reichertz%2CJ

https://methods.sagepub.com/foundations/problem-centred-interview

methods.sagepub.com

Analyze
Target URL
https://methods.sagepub.com/foundations/problem-centred-interview

Article reference 26Article

doi.org

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Target URL
https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1077800403252736

Google Scholar reference 26 Google Scholar

scholar.google.com

Analyze
Target URL
http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Learning%20to%20interview%20in%20the%20social%20sciences&journal=Qual.%20Inq.&doi=10.1177%2F1077800403252736&volume=9&issue=4&pages=643-668&publication_year=2003&author=Roulston%2CK&author=deMarrais%2CK&author=Lewis%2CJB

Google Scholar reference 27 Google Scholar

scholar.google.com

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Target URL
http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Survey-Interviews&doi=10.1007%2F978-3-531-94208-7&publication_year=2012&author=Schnell%2CR

Article reference 28Article

doi.org

Analyze
Target URL
https://doi.org/10.1086%2F297818

Google Scholar reference 28 Google Scholar

scholar.google.com

Analyze
Target URL
http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Does%20conversational%20interviewing%20reduce%20survey%20measurement%20error%3F&journal=Public%20Opin.%20q.&doi=10.1086%2F297818&volume=61&pages=576-602&publication_year=1997&author=Schober%2CMF&author=Conrad%2CFG

Article reference 30Article

doi.org

Analyze
Target URL
https://doi.org/10.1080%2F01621459.1990.10475331

Google Scholar reference 30 Google Scholar

scholar.google.com

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Target URL
http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Interactional%20troubles%20in%20face-to-face%20survey%20interviews&journal=J.%20Am.%20Stat.%20Assoc.&doi=10.1080%2F01621459.1990.10475331&volume=85&pages=232-241&publication_year=1990&author=Suchman%2CL&author=Jordan%2CB

Google Scholar reference 31 Google Scholar

scholar.google.com

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Target URL
http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Asking%20Questions&publication_year=1982&author=Sudman%2CS&author=Bradburn%2CNM

Google Scholar reference 32 Google Scholar

scholar.google.com

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Target URL
http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Cognitive%20sciences%20and%20survey%20methods&pages=73-100&publication_year=1984&author=Tourangeau%2CR

Book reference 33Book

doi.org

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Target URL
https://doi.org/10.1017%2FCBO9780511819322

Google Scholar reference 33 Google Scholar

scholar.google.com

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Target URL
http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=The%20Psychology%20of%20Survey%20Response&doi=10.1017%2FCBO9780511819322&publication_year=2000&author=Tourangeau%2CR&author=Rips%2CLJ&author=Rasinski%2CK

Article reference 34Article

doi.org

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Target URL
https://doi.org/10.1111%2Frssa.12255

Google Scholar reference 34 Google Scholar

scholar.google.com

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Target URL
http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Can%20conversational%20interviewing%20improve%20survey%20response%20quality%20without%20increasing%20interviewer%20effects%3F&journal=J.%20R.%20Stat.%20Soc.%20Ser.%20A%3A%20Stat.%20Soc&doi=10.1111%2Frssa.12255&volume=181&issue=1&pages=181-203&publication_year=2018&author=West%2CBT&author=Conrad%2CFG&author=Kreuter%2CF&author=Mittereder%2CF

Book reference 35Book

doi.org

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Target URL
https://doi.org/10.4135%2F9781412983655

Google Scholar reference 35 Google Scholar

scholar.google.com

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Target URL
http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Cognitive%20Interviewing%20A%20Tool%20for%20Improving%20Questionnaire%20Design&doi=10.4135%2F9781412983655&publication_year=2005&author=Willis%2CGB

Google Scholar reference 36 Google Scholar

scholar.google.com

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Target URL
http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Analysis%20of%20the%20Cognitive%20Interview%20in%20Questionnaire%20Design&publication_year=2015&author=Willis%2CGB

Google Scholar reference 37 Google Scholar

scholar.google.com

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Target URL
http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Verfahren%20der%20Qualitativen%20Sozialforschung&publication_year=1982&author=Witzel%2CA

Google Scholar reference 38 Google Scholar

scholar.google.com

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Target URL
http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=The%20SAGE%20Handbook%20of%20Survey%20Methodology&publication_year=2016

Article reference 40Article

doi.org

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Target URL
https://doi.org/10.1002%2Facp.2350050307

Google Scholar reference 40 Google Scholar

scholar.google.com

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Target URL
http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=The%20use%20of%20verbal%20report%20methods%20in%20the%20development%20and%20testing%20of%20survey%20questionnaires&journal=Applied%20Cognitive%20Psychology&doi=10.1002%2Facp.2350050307&volume=5&issue=3&pages=251-267&publication_year=1991&author=Willis%2CGB&author=Royston%2CP&author=Bercini%2CD

Download references

citation-needed.springer.com

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Target URL
https://citation-needed.springer.com/v2/references/10.1007/s11135-021-01156-0?format=refman&flavour=references

PubMed

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Analyze
Target URL
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=search&term=Christina%20Buschle

Google Scholar

scholar.google.co.uk

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Target URL
https://scholar.google.co.uk/scholar?as_q=&num=10&btnG=Search+Scholar&as_epq=&as_oq=&as_eq=&as_occt=any&as_sauthors=%22Christina%20Buschle%22&as_publication=&as_ylo=&as_yhi=&as_allsubj=all&hl=en

PubMed

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Analyze
Target URL
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=search&term=Herwig%20Reiter

Google Scholar

scholar.google.co.uk

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Target URL
https://scholar.google.co.uk/scholar?as_q=&num=10&btnG=Search+Scholar&as_epq=&as_oq=&as_eq=&as_occt=any&as_sauthors=%22Herwig%20Reiter%22&as_publication=&as_ylo=&as_yhi=&as_allsubj=all&hl=en

PubMed

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

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Target URL
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=search&term=Arne%20Bethmann

Google Scholar

scholar.google.co.uk

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Target URL
https://scholar.google.co.uk/scholar?as_q=&num=10&btnG=Search+Scholar&as_epq=&as_oq=&as_eq=&as_occt=any&as_sauthors=%22Arne%20Bethmann%22&as_publication=&as_ylo=&as_yhi=&as_allsubj=all&hl=en

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

creativecommons.org

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Target URL
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Reprints and permissions

s100.copyright.com

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Target URL
https://s100.copyright.com/AppDispatchServlet?title=The%20qualitative%20pretest%20interview%20for%20questionnaire%20development%3A%20outline%20of%20programme%20and%20practice&author=Christina%20Buschle%20et%20al&contentID=10.1007%2Fs11135-021-01156-0&copyright=The%20Author%28s%29&publication=0033-5177&publicationDate=2021-05-06&publisherName=SpringerNature&orderBeanReset=true&oa=CC%20BY

Untitled Link

crossmark.crossref.org

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Target URL
https://crossmark.crossref.org/dialog/?doi=10.1007/s11135-021-01156-0

Download citation

citation-needed.springer.com

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Target URL
https://citation-needed.springer.com/v2/references/10.1007/s11135-021-01156-0?format=refman&flavour=citation

Language editing

authorservices.springernature.com

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Target URL
https://authorservices.springernature.com/go/sn/?utm_source=SNLinkfooter&utm_medium=Web&utm_campaign=SNReferral

Our products

www.springernature.com

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Target URL
https://www.springernature.com/gp/products

Librarians

www.springernature.com

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Target URL
https://www.springernature.com/gp/librarians

Societies

www.springernature.com

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Target URL
https://www.springernature.com/gp/societies

Partners and advertisers

www.springernature.com

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Target URL
https://www.springernature.com/gp/partners

Springer

www.springer.com

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Target URL
https://www.springer.com/

Nature Portfolio

www.nature.com

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Target URL
https://www.nature.com/

BMC

www.biomedcentral.com

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Target URL
https://www.biomedcentral.com/

Palgrave Macmillan

www.palgrave.com

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Target URL
https://www.palgrave.com/

Apress

www.apress.com

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Target URL
https://www.apress.com/

Your US state privacy rights

www.springernature.com

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Target URL
https://www.springernature.com/gp/legal/ccpa

Accessibility statement

www.springernature.com

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Target URL
https://www.springernature.com/gp/info/accessibility

Help and support

support.springernature.com

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Target URL
https://support.springernature.com/en/support/home

Cancel contracts here

support.springernature.com

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Target URL
https://support.springernature.com/en/support/solutions/articles/6000255911-subscription-cancellations

Untitled Link

www.springernature.com

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Target URL
https://www.springernature.com/

Requested Domains 13

cart.springer.com

Unknown Type
No category information available

cdn.pbgrd.com

Unknown Type
No category information available

cmp.springer.com

Unknown Type
No category information available

crossmark-cdn.crossref.org

Unknown Type
No category information available

delivery.pbgrd.com

Unknown Type
No category information available

doi.org

Unknown Type
No category information available

idp.springer.com

Unknown Type
No category information available

link.springer.com

Unknown Type
No category information available

media.springernature.com

Unknown Type
No category information available

openpretest.org

Unknown Type
No category information available

pagead2.googlesyndication.com

Unknown Type
No category information available

sgtm.springer.com

Unknown Type
No category information available

springer.met.vgwort.de

Unknown Type
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